Engineering

Enhanced Malachite Leaching from Jebel Hadieda Region: Surface Dissolution Rate and Response Analysis

Authors

  • Jaber A. Yousif

    Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Eldaein University, Eldaein 63312, PR Sudan
    Author

  • Dr. Ayman M. Ibrahim

    Department of Mining Engineering, University of Nyala
    Author

  • Mohammed Kabashi

    Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Nyala, Nyala 63311, PR Sudan
    Author

  • Han Wang

    Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, PR China
    Author

  • Prof. Dianwen Liu

    Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, PR China
    Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71107/wk16ns19

Keywords:

Copper Oxide, Jebel Hadieda Area, Sulphuric Acid, Pulp Density, Leaching

Abstract

This study presents a novel approach to enhancing malachite leaching using sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) on ore from the Jebel Hadieda region in South Kordofan State, Sudan, with a copper grade of 7.47%. Microscopic analysis identified the primary copper-bearing mineral, with quartz and clinochlore as the main gangue minerals. The copper mineral grind size was determined to be 150 microns. The study investigated the effects of several parameters on copper extraction, including particle size, leaching duration, acid concentration, FESEM-EDS, zeta potential, X-ray diffraction, and pulp density. Agitated leaching tests yielded the highest copper extraction (88.15%) at 70 °C using a –212 + 150 µm particle size, with three hours identified as the optimal leaching duration. Smaller particle sizes provided greater surface area for acid interaction, accelerating dissolution, while larger particles slowed the dissolution process and reduced copper recovery. These findings indicate that reducing the particle size of malachite to below 300 microns significantly improves leaching efficiency. No previous studies have applied this specific leaching technique for malachite extraction in the Jebel Hadieda region, making this a novel approach.

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Author Biographies

  • Jaber A. Yousif , Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Eldaein University, Eldaein 63312, PR Sudan

    Department of Mining Engineering

     

  • Dr. Ayman M. Ibrahim, Department of Mining Engineering, University of Nyala

    Department of Mining Engineering

  • Mohammed Kabashi , Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Nyala, Nyala 63311, PR Sudan

    Department of Mining Engineering

  • Han Wang , Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, PR China

    Faculty of Land Resources Engineering

  • Prof. Dianwen Liu, Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, PR China

    Faculty of Land Resources Engineering

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Published

2026-05-08

Data Availability Statement

Yes

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): Conclusions in Engineering

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Articles

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Copyright (c) 2026 Jaber A. Yousif , Dr. Ayman M. Ibrahim, Mohammed Kabashi , Han Wang , Prof. Dianwen Liu (Author)

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Enhanced Malachite Leaching from Jebel Hadieda Region: Surface Dissolution Rate and Response Analysis. (2026). Conclusions in Engineering, 2(1), 31-41. https://doi.org/10.71107/wk16ns19

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