Engineering

Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2-MWCNTs Nanocomposit:  A Novel route for the efficient degradation of N, N-Dimethylformamide

Authors

  • Muniba Yaseen Naz

    Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan
    Author

  • Fatima Jamshad

    National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad
    Author

  • Tayyaba Ghani

    Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan
    Author

  • Atta Ullah Shah

    National Institute or Laser and Optronics. Islamabad, Pakistan
    Author

  • Uroosa Hadi

    National Institute or Laser and Optronics. Islamabad, Pakistan
    Author

  • Mazhar Mehmood

    Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan
    Author

  • Suleman Ahmad

    Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan
    Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71107/hz3mzk30

Keywords:

Titanium dioxide (TiO2), Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs), Nanocomposites

Abstract

In the present work, titanium dioxide and multiwall carbon nanotubes (TiO2-MWCNTs) based nanocomposite is prepared. The MWCNTs has been prepared through Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), and TiO2 nanoparticles are synthesized by wet-chemical method. Morphology, average size, crystalline nature and optical behavior of the nanomaterial is measured through Scanning electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Uv-visible spectroscopy. Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed the existence of well-dispersed TiO2 nanoparticles (diameter ~90 nm) over the synthesized MWCNTs (tube outer diameter ~90-95 nm). It is observed from the uv-visible spectroscopy that an increase in the light absorption towards longer wavelength <400 nm also occurred for the TiO2-MWCNTs nanocomposites as compared to bare MWCNts. Finally, photocatalysis is performed over a toxic organic solvent N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) using synthesized TiO2-MWCNTs nanocomposite. It is found that TiO2-MWCNTs resulted in ~80% DMF degradation in 90 minutes. Owing to the better size distribution, crystalline nature and light absorption properties, the synthesized TiO2-MWCNTs performed well for the photocatalytic conversion of N, N-Dimethylformamide. This study also concludes that the TiO₂-MWCNts nanocomposites may also pave the way for broader environmental remediation based applications.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

  • Muniba Yaseen Naz, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan

    Ms. Muniba Yasmeen Naz is a PhD student

  • Fatima Jamshad, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad

    Ms. Fatima Jamshed is a PhD student in NUST

  • Tayyaba Ghani, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan

    Dr. Tayyaba Ghani is working in Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan

  • Atta Ullah Shah, National Institute or Laser and Optronics. Islamabad, Pakistan

    Dr. Atta is serving in National Institute or Laser and Optronics. Islamabad, Pakistan

  • Uroosa Hadi, National Institute or Laser and Optronics. Islamabad, Pakistan

    Ms. Uroosa Hadi is the MPhil research student

  • Mazhar Mehmood, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan

    Dr. Mazhar is working in Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan 

  • Suleman Ahmad, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan

    Mr. Suleman is the PhD student in Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan

References

[1] X. Dong, Y. Lin, P. Li, Y. Ma, J. Huang, D. Bin et al., "High‐energy rechargeable metallic lithium battery at− 70 C enabled by a cosolvent electrolyte," Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol. 58, no. 17, pp. 5623-5627, 2019.

[2] Jabeen, N., Hussain, A., Rahman, A. U., Faiza, I., & El-Bahy, S. M. (2024). Novel, diverse and ultra-high ferroelectric, piezoelectric and dielectric performances of Mn added La2Ti2O7-based ceramics for high-temperature applications. Solid State Ionics, 414, 116637.

[3] Y. Zhao, L. Ma, W. Chang, Z. Huang, X. Feng, X. Qi et al., "Efficient photocatalytic degradation of gaseous N, N-dimethylformamide in tannery waste gas using doubly open-ended Ag/TiO2 nanotube array membranes," Applied Surface Science, vol. 444, pp. 610-620, 2018.

[4] T. Jiang, L. Zhang, M. Ji, Q. Wang, Q. Zhao, X. Fu et al., "Carbon nanotubes/TiO2 nanotubes composite photocatalysts for efficient degradation of methyl orange dye," Particuology, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 737-742, 2013.

[5] C.-P. Chang, J.-N. Chen, M.-C. Lu, and H.-Y. Yang, "Photocatalytic oxidation of gaseous DMF using thin film TiO2 photocatalyst," Chemosphere, vol. 58, no. 8, pp. 1071-1078, 2005.

[6] S. Ali, W. Xiong, Z. Liao, M. J. Aslam, C. Zhou, K. K. Seong et al., "Noble metal free catalyst with High activity and stability for catalytic wet air oxidation of N, N-dimethylformamide," Applied Catalysis A: General, vol. 620, p. 118172, 2021.

[7] Chakroborty, S., et al., Plasmonic-Based TiO2 and TiO2 Nanoparticles for Photocatalytic CO2 to Methanol Conversion in Energy Applications: Current Status and Future Prospects. Topics in Catalysis, 2024. 67(1): p. 232-245.

[8] Mohamed, Y.M.A., et al., Palladium-Modified TiO2/MWCNTs for Efficient Carbon Capture and Photocatalytic Reduction of Nitro-aromatic Derivatives. ChemistrySelect, 2023. 8(5): p. e202203098.

[9] Haneef, M., et al., Efficient Photocatalytic Nanocomposites of Anatase/Rutile Mixed-Phase Titania with MWCNTs and WC for Visible and UV-A Ranges. Journal of Cluster Science, 2023. 34(3): p. 1595-1604.

[10] Ardani, M.R., et al., Ultrasonic-assisted of TiO2-MWCNT nanocomposite with advanced photocatalytic efficiency for elimination of dye pollutions. Diamond and Related Materials, 2023. 137: p. 110066.

[11] Abbasi, S., Studying the destruction of pollutant in the presence of photocatalysts based on MWCNTs with controlled values of TiO2 nanoparticles. Applied Water Science, 2023. 13(4): p. 100.

[12] Xu, H., et al., Mechanism of Photodegradation of Organic Pollutants in Seawater by TiO2-Based Photocatalysts and Improvement in Their Performance. ACS Omega, 2021. 6(45): p. 30698-30707.

[13] Negishi, N., et al., Photocatalytic detoxification of aqueous organophosphorus by TiO2 immobilized silica gel. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2012. 128: p. 105-118.

[14] Panayotov, D.A., S.P. Burrows, and J.R. Morris, Photooxidation Mechanism of Methanol on Rutile TiO2 Nanoparticles. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2012. 116(11): p. 6623-6635.

[15] Murgolo, S., et al., UV and solar-based photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants by nano-sized TiO2 grown on carbon nanotubes. Catalysis Today, 2015. 240: p. 114-124.

[16] Khusnun, N.F., et al., Interaction between copper and carbon nanotubes triggers their mutual role in the enhanced photodegradation of p-chloroaniline. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2016. 18(17): p. 12323-12331.

[17] Wang, H., H.-L. Wang, and W.-F. Jiang, Solar photocatalytic degradation of 2,6-dinitro-p-cresol (DNPC) using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)–TiO2 composite photocatalysts. Chemosphere, 2009. 75(8): p. 1105-1111.

[18] Z. Ali, M. Mehmood, J. Ahmed, A. Majeed, and K. H. Thebo, "MWCNTs and carbon onions grown by CVD method on nickel-cobalt alloy nanocomposites prepared via novel alcogel electrolysis technique and its oxygen evolution reaction application," Materials Research Express, vol. 6, no. 10, p. 105627, 2019/09/18 2019, doi: 10.1088/2053-1591/ab41d4.

[19] C.-P. Chang, J.-N. Chen, M.-C. Lu, and H.-Y. Yang, "Photocatalytic oxidation of gaseous DMF using thin film TiO2 photocatalyst," Chemosphere, vol. 58, no. 8, pp. 1071-1078, 2005.

[20] T. Theivasanthi and M. Alagar, "Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles XRD analyses: an insight," arXiv preprint arXiv: 1307.1091, 2013.

[21] M. S. Hossain and S. Ahmed, "Easy and green synthesis of TiO2 (Anatase and Rutile): Estimation of crystallite size using Scherrer equation, Williamson-Hall plot, Monshi-Scherrer Model, size-strain plot, Halder-Wagner Model," Results in Materials, vol. 20, p. 100492, 2023.

[22] M. El-Desoky, I. Morad, M. Wasfy, and A. Mansour, "Synthesis, structural and electrical properties of PVA/TiO2 nanocomposite films with different TiO2 phases prepared by sol–gel technique," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 31, no. 20, pp. 17574-17584, 2020.

[23] N. Dwivedi, K. C. Dubey, and R. K. Shukla, "Structural and optical studies of multi-walled carbon nanotubes," Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 29, pp. 872-875, 2020/01/01/ 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.074.

[24] M. A. Salam and R. Burk, "Synthesis and characterization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified with octadecylamine and polyethylene glycol," Arabian Journal of Chemistry, vol. 10, pp. S921-S927, 2017/02/01/ 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2012.12.028.

[25] S. Chandra, A. Kumar, and P. K. Tomar, "Synthesis of Ni nanoparticles and their characterizations," Journal of Saudi Chemical Society, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 437-442, 2014/11/01/ 2014, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jscs.2011.09.008.

[26] H. Wang, X. Kou, J. Zhang, and J. Li, "Large scale synthesis and characterization of Ni nanoparticles by solution reaction method," Bulletin of Materials Science - BULL MATER SCI, vol. 31, pp. 97-100, 02/01 2008, doi: 10.1007/s12034-008-0017-1.

[27] R. Das, S. Bee Abd Hamid, M. Eaqub Ali, S. Ramakrishna, and W. Yongzhi, "Carbon nanotubes characterization by X-ray powder diffraction–a review," Current Nanoscience, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 23-35, 2015.

[28] V. Indora, S. Yadav, and D. Mohan, "Optical and structural analysis of sol-gel derived TiO2/MWCNT nanocomposites," in AIP conference proceedings, 2020, vol. 2220, no. 1: AIP Publishing.

[29] K. Kočí, L. Obalová, L. Matějová, D. Plachá, Z. Lacný, J. Jirkovský et al., "Effect of TiO2 particle size on the photocatalytic reduction of CO2," Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, vol. 89, no. 3, pp.494-502, 2009/07/15/ 2009, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2009.01.010.

[30] Gong, J., et al., Catalytic wet oxidation of N, N-dimethyl formamide over ruthenium supported on CeO2 and Ce0. 7Zr0. 3O2 catalysts. Journal of Rare Earths, 2019. 37(3): p. 265-272.

[31] Sun, G., et al., Ruthenium catalysts supported on high-surface-area zirconia for the catalytic wet oxidation of N, N-dimethyl formamide. Journal of hazardous materials, 2008. 156(1-3): p. 335-341.

[32] Fonzeu Monguen, C.K., et al., Tailored Synthesis of Catalytically Active Cerium Oxide for N, N-Dimethylformamide Oxidation. Materials, 2023. 16(2): p. 865.

Conclusions in Engineering

Downloads

Published

2025-02-21

Data Availability Statement

Data will be made available on request from the corresponding author.

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Conclusions in Engineering

Section

Articles

Categories

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Muniba Yaseen Naz, Fatima Jamshad, Tayyaba Ghani, Atta Ullah Shah, Uroosa Hadi, Mazhar Mehmood, Suleman Ahmad (Author)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Most read articles by the same author(s)